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Triple deity
A triple deity (sometimes referred to as threefold, tripled, triplicate, tripartite, triune or triadic, or as a trinity) is a deity associated with the number three. Such deities are common throughout world mythology; the number three has a long history of mythical associations. Carl Jung considered the arrangement of deities into triplets an archetype in the history of religion.〔"Triads of gods appear very early, at the primitive level. The archaic triads in the religions of antiquity and of the East are too numerous to be mentioned here. Arrangement in triads is an archetype in the history of religion, which in all probability formed the basis of the Christian Trinity." C. G. Jung. ''A Psychological Approach to the Dogma of the Trinity''.〕
==Triple goddesses==
In religious iconography or mythological art,〔For a summary of the analogous problem of representing the trinity in Christian art, see Clara Erskine Clement's dated but useful (''Handbook of Legendary and Mythological Art'' ) (Boston, 1900), p. 12.〕 three separate beings may represent either a triad who always appear as a group (Greek Moirai, Charites, Erinnyes; Norse Norns; or the Irish Morrígna) or a single deity known from literary sources as having three aspects (Greek Hecate, Diana Nemorensis).〔Virgil addresses Hecate as ''tergemina Hecate, tria virginis, ora Dianae'' (''Aeneid'', 4.511).〕 In the case of the Irish Brigid it can be ambiguous whether she is a single goddess or three sisters, all named Brigid.〔Miranda Green, (''The Celtic World'' ) (Routledge, 1996), p. 481; Hilary Robinson, "Becoming Women: Irigaray, Ireland and Visual Representation," in (''Art, Nation and Gender: Ethnic Landscapes, Myths and Mother-figures'' ) (Ashgate, 2003), p. 116.〕 The Morrígan also appears sometimes as one being, and at other times as three sisters, as do the three Irish goddesses of sovereignty, Ériu, Fódla and Banba.〔Ériu (), Jones' Celtic Encyclopedia,14 April 2011〕
The Matres or Matronae are usually represented as a group of three but sometimes with as many as 27 (3 × 3 × 3) inscriptions. They were associated with motherhood and fertility. Inscriptions to these deities have been found in Gaul, Spain, Italy, the Rhineland and Britain, as their worship was carried by Roman soldiery dating from the mid 1st century to the 3rd century AD.〔Takacs, Sarolta A. (2008) ''Vestal Virgins, Sybils, and Matrons: Women in Roman Religion''. University of Texas Press. pp. 118–121.〕 Miranda Green observes that "triplism" reflects a way of "expressing the divine rather than presentation of specific god-types. Triads or triple beings are ubiquitous in the Welsh and Irish mythic imagery" (she gives examples including the Irish battle-furies, Macha, and Brigit). "The religious iconographic repertoire of Gaul and Britain during the Roman period includes a wide range of triple forms: the most common triadic depiction is that of the triple mother goddess" (she lists numerous examples).〔Green, Miranda. ("Back to the Future: Resonances of the Past", pp.56-57 ), in Gazin-Schwartz, Amy, and Holtorf, Cornelius (1999). ''Archaeology and Folklore''. Routledge.〕
Peter H. Goodrich interprets the literary figure of Morgan le Fay as a manifestation of a British triple goddess in the medieval romance ''Sir Gawain and the Green Knight''.〔Peter H. Goodrich, ("Ritual Sacrifice and the Pre-Christian Subtext of Gawain's Green Girdle," in ''Sir Gawain and the Classical Tradition'' ) (McFarland, 2006), pp. 74–75〕 A modern idea of a Triple Goddess is central to the new religious movement of Wicca.
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